A Childhood Memory of a Funeral Home Daughter Essay

As a kid, I experienced childhood in two separate memorial service homes. My dad claimed one and my granddad possessed and lived in one. There was not a day when somebody wasn’t passing on. A considerable lot of my beloved recollections lead me back to the memorial service home. Hell, I even figured out how to ride my tricycle in the territory where all the coffins were kept! Huge numbers of my companions would think that its flawless that I thoroughly understood the spot and would consistently approach me to take them around for a visit. There is a story that I generally tell individuals that occurred at my grandpa’s burial service home one interesting day. My soonest memory of my grandpa’s house; which was a burial service home, was the point at which I was 8 years of age. The top piece of the house was the memorial service home, yet the base part that was underground was the place my family lived. Four kids were raised there and it was an ordinary life as we suspected. One day I was messing with my toys in the front room and a bring came over the line. My grandmother got the telephone like she regularly did and asked all the data that she required. Before long, my grandpa and one of the laborers headed outside and bounced into a funeral wagon to go get this individual who had simply kicked the bucket. I mean it was their activity right? This was an ordinary regular event at my grandpa’s house. I don’t realize what else occurred during grandpa’s ride that day. At the point when he returned home my life would be everlastingly changed. To start with, they generally get the individual out and move them to the readiness room. More often than not my grandpa would place them on the table in the prep room and go do different tasks. He generally had more than one individual dead in his place. Truly, I have experienced childhood in it my entire life, so I think I am desensitized to death when I talk about it. He would consistently go out on another call or go prepare the individual for survey. His business was an extremely bustling one since he additionally ran the emergency vehicle administration some time ago before paramedics became.

Ch 2 DBA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 15000 words

Ch 2 DBA - Essay Example Already, customary economies and associations depended upon resources, for example, capital and land having physical qualities. In the cutting edge economy, this pattern has changed and information is presently the key factor to increasing upper hand (Beijerse, 1999). In the contemporary business world, information sharing generally implies that representatives add to information application, advancement, and at last the upper hand of the association (Wang and Noe, 2010). Information sharing has particular favorable circumstances. It is emphatically identified with decrease underway costs, quicker finishing of new item improvement ventures, group execution, firm development capacities and firm execution. Firm execution incorporates deals development and income from new items and administrations (Wang and Noe, 2010). Researchers have separated information into two structures †unequivocal and implied †with regards to the idea of the information (Nonaka et al., 2000; Smith, 2001; Lindvall and Rus, 2002). Unequivocal information is spared in classified structure in databases and can be handily passed on to the recipient with no misconception (Smith, 2001). Unsaid information is ‘know-why and ‘know-how’ and can be alluded to as trial information. Smith (2001) portrays unsaid information as the implied piece of information living in an individualâ's brain. This kind of information, in contrast to unequivocal information, is difficult to introduce in a composed arrangement along these lines making it hard to move to other people or store (Smith, 2001). The information partaking in associations is subject to the idea of the information being shared (unsaid and express information). Sharing, moving, and putting away implicit and express information contrasts from one another . Implied information is the unsaid piece of information living in the individualâ's brain (Smith, 2001). In spite of the fact that information sharing is viewed as of a fundamental significance to associations, it won't be accomplished if there is absence of an information sharing society, trust, and

Youre admitted! Now what

Youre admitted! Now what Was it all those volunteer hours you put in? Your sharp grades? That little horseshoe anecdote in your essay that made the admissions counselors LOL all the way home? You don’t know, but what youdoknow is that you just got accepted into one of the most storied universities in the nation. Well done, you! So, what now? Let’s use a flowchart to consider your options: Accept Your Offer Now that you’re officially an Illini, we can delve into your next steps! (But seriously, if youre on the fence about your college decision, here are 10 reasons why Illinois is a great choice.) Your Admitted Student Checklist Maybe that header above should have been called “Your Best Friend,” because that’s what your Admitted Student Checklistis. Your checklist is tailored to you and lays out exactly what your next steps are. Plus, your tasks will be checked off as you complete them, which is incredibly satisfying. You can find your personal checklist by clicking on your application for admission in myIllini. It’s waiting for you! Meanwhile, well touch on some of the basics below. You Your NetID Once you accept your offer of admission (the first step on your checklist), you’ll be assigned a NetID. Your NetID is basically your username for most Illinois resources and accounts. It will stay the same all throughout college and can make for a snappy nickname.Hey there, qpklbbt4!Maybe not. Still, it’s fun to get a new email address. Now comes the hard part: toclaim your NetID, you need to think of a good password. Of course, coming up with good passwords is aNn0Ying. You’re going to be even more bUGG3d when you learn that you’ll have to come up with a new good password at the end of each year, but think of it as a practice in creativity. Financial Aid If you haven’t already, you should figure out how you’re going to pay for college. To help with that decision, consider looking into financial aid options. Be sure to submit your FAFSA(even if you don’t think you’ll get anything) and check out scholarship opportunities. This is a complicated step, so as always,weve broken it down further if you want more information. Housing At Illinois, all freshmen need to live on campus, whether that be in one of the university’s residence halls or in housing approved by the university.The exception is if you are a squirrel; freshman squirrels are permitted to live on the Quad but should understand that they must find their own food. Whenever you’re ready, we have tons more to say aboutfinding your home away from home. Visit (You Kinda Have To) Now that you’re an Illini, why not take a gander at your new stomping grounds? We have specialadmitted freshman visitsfor more in-depth tours each spring, or you’re always welcome to our self-guided and virtual tours. If you do sign up for a visit, we havesome tips on how to make the most of it. Bear in mind that, before moving in, freshmen need to come to campus for a day to register for their classes. This is calledNew Student Registration. It’s an action-packed day of fun that all are required to go to, unless you live over 500 miles away (Hello, Utah!). For you Utahans and faraway friends out there, you can complete your registration online. Wherever you’re from, make sure you complete your pre-registration homework and take your placement exams at least two weeks before registration. You can find more information on both in your personal checklist. Additional Documents Remember when you were filling out your application and you self-reported all those tests scores and grades? Well, now that you’re admitted, we want official versions that we can hang up on our fridges. You need to have your scores sent directly to us from the testing agency (such as the ACT or SAT), and your final transcripts sent directly to us from your high school. You’ll also need to send usimmunization forms, and if you’re an international student, you may need to submit an I-20 form as well. Campus Resources What’s that on your fingertips? It’s fresh opportunity! We try to do it right here at Illinois, especially in regard to the resources we provide our students. Now that you’re an Illini, be sure to check out what the campus has to offer. Here are just some of the highlights: A variety of cultural and resource centersWellness support from the Counseling CenterOver 1,800 student groups to get involved withExchange programs through the study abroad officeCountless research opportunities7 campus recreation spaces to help you stay activeGreat shows at Krannert Center for the Performing ArtsOver 20 librariesTutoring and mentoring through the Office of Minority Student AffairsCareer advising and resume reviews at the Career Center And that’s not even half of it. Whether it’s the indoor waterslide, the 3D Printing Lab, the three medical clinics, or the free movie nights at the Union, treasures of all kinds await you throughout your new beginning at Illinois. There’s a lot to do now that you’ve been admitted, and so much more to discover. You’ve passed a big milestone on the journey to college, and now the adventure begins. Give yourself a round of applause, a pat on the back, or a milkshake, because you definitely deserve it. admitted planning Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

Human Neutering And Its Effects On Humans - 1224 Words

Imagine losing the reproductive system at the age of twenty-five. All humans being unable to reproduce at a certain age could save the Earth. The Earth is in a very fragile state; Earth is losing its ability to be a habitat for the human race due to the volume of people living on its surface. There could be a way to slow down this process though, through human neutering. Human neutering would decrease overpopulation, allow the earth to reproduce its natural resources, and stop deforestation from rapidly occurring. A form of human neutering does exist, and it has for a long time. This process for males is called a vasectomy, this surgery should prevent sperm from entering the seminal track. For a female it is called a Tubal ligation, this is where the flappoion tubes are pinched shut to prevent fertilization. In todays world these two surgeries are by choice and not mandatory, if these two surgeries were strictly enforced upon the human race at the age of twenty-five it could save the Earth from dying early. A decreased population could result in many positive outcomes for the planet. No matter the location when a person looks straight ahead of themselves to their left, right, or behind them there is most likely another human being standing around them. The Earth is becoming overpopulated more quickly then it ever has before. â€Å"The current world population of about 7 billion is projected to top 8 billion by 2030, almost all of that growth is expected to come in theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Spaying And Neutering And The Problems Of The Overpopulation Of Animals1151 Words   |  5 PagesMy topic is on spaying and neutering and the problems those surgeries could make better or even fix completely. Ultimately by spaying or neutering a pet, the owner would be helping lower the overpopulation of animals. A pet owner would also be helping their pet by not allowing them to go through puberty or heat cycles. It is a fact known worldwide that spaying and neu tering your pet will help lower the overpopulation of animals. Overpopulation has been a problem for many years now. There are tooRead MoreMandatory Spaying / Neutering Of Pet Cats And Dogs1003 Words   |  5 PagesMandatory spaying/neutering of pet cats and dogs This country is highly populated both with humans and animals. Unlike humans, animals are not presented with the option of being castrated. This decision is entirely left up to the owner of the pet. Studies have shown that there is a huge demand for pets to be gelded. Some countries do not recommend this procedure for many reasons. In regard to those who do castrate their pets, I fully understand the population control being taken into considerationRead MoreEffects Of Neutering On Golden And Labrador Retrievers747 Words   |  3 PagesThe School of Veterinary Medicine of the University of California, Davis studied the effects of neutering on Golden and Labrador retrievers. They found that male Golden Retrievers with joint disorders is five percent in intact dogs and up to twenty-seven percent occurred in neutered dogs. Male Golden Retrievers with cancer is eleven percent in intact dogs and up to seventeen percent in neutered dogs. Female Golden Retrievers with joint disorders is fi ve percent intact and twenty percent neuteredRead MoreEssay on Prevention of Animal Overpopulation1722 Words   |  7 Pagessociety, it has left blood stains on our history as a species and if history has taught us anything, it’s that we have a choice to change our ways of adjusting to situations. A war which was fought in pursuit of ending such criminal means, yet we as human beings do little to nothing to end the horrific crimes of animal deaths in shelters. It is no secret that this world has become infused with problems that have extended from one side of the globe to the other. Amongst these problems lies a terribleRead MoreI Am A Roger Or Anita Radcliffe1709 Words   |  7 Pagesit, are all of those dogs going to find homes? â€Å"Spaying or neutering a single pair of unsterilized cats or dogs will literally save the lives of thousands of unwanted kittens and puppies† â€Å"Spaying and Neutering Information†. There are many many problems caused from not spaying or neutering your pet including overpopulation, health problems, and behavioral issues. To help end this nationwide problem we need to examine the causes and effects that come when you don’t spay or neuter your pet and go overRead MoreEssay Rabies Treatment and Prevention1565 Words   |  7 Pagesof many new vaccines, rabies has become a curable disease that can easily be prevented from destroying the lives of both humans and animals. However vaccinations are only a single facet in a wide spectrum of precautionary measures that can be taken to help halt the spread of this devastating disease. Rabies is a pervasive, virulent disease that has had truly terrible effects on the world for centuries. Dating back as early as the year 2300 B.C., Mesopotamian documents describe the erratic behaviorRead MoreThe Effects Of Animal Cruelty771 Words   |  4 PagesDahmer, and Dennis Rader Lee have confessed that in their adolescent years, they tortured and killed animals for fun and at some point, killing animals wasn’t enough. Dogs are often victims of dog fighting and are forced to fight to the death to amuse humans. Thankfully, there are multiple animal activism groups located not only in the US, but also throughout the world. The Humane Society of the United States was founded in 1954 and its primary goal is to fight for the â€Å"protection of all animals throughRead MoreNutrition And Needs For Pets Essay2421 Words   |  10 Pages(AVMA), estimate that 144 to176 million pets are owned in the United States.1 There are various requirements and needs to consider when bringing a pet home, for instance, if the house is pet-friendly, the time it takes to train your pet, spaying and neutering, cleaning, taking them to the vet, and importantly and one the most neglected is their nutrition. Nutrition plays a key role in the prevention of many chronic diseases, improving the quality of life, and increasing life expectative of our pets. ThereforeRead MoreThe Effects Of Sterilization On The Dog1756 Words   |  8 PagesBryan et al. concluded that the sterilization could effect canine in a negative way. Study of Bryan et al. missed some important points in researching the effect of sterilization. The effect of the sterilization was on a hot debate for decades. After the research done by Ru et al. on the correlation between sterilization and the risk of osteosarcoma in canine, more and more studies were conducted to closely examine the possible negative effect of the sterilization on the dog. Those researchers onlyRead MorePet Overpopulation Epidemic Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pagesour making and therefore our responsibility. So where does the problem really lie? One would think its 100% the fault of breeders and those multitudes of litters. But no, that is not the route of the problem, not by a long shot. Breeders are the effect of the problem, and the massive pet overpopulation is the aftermath. Yes, breeders, as a whole, are breeding more litters than there are homes for, yet, they are selling them. So why is that, why are breeders selling their litters when theres a

Merchandising Agreement - 7651 Words

MERCHANDISING LICENSE AGREEMENT This MERCHANDISING LICENSE AGREEMENT (the â€Å"M/L Agreement†) is made and entered into as of December 15, 2010 (the â€Å"Effective Date†) by and between LICENSEE(â€Å"LICENSEE†) and ARTIST(â€Å"Licensor†) with respect to the recording and performing artist, Artist(â€Å"Artist†) RECITALS RECITAL ONE. RECITAL TWO. . RECITAL THREE. RECITAL FOUR. Licensor and Artist represent and warrant to and for the benefit of LICENSEE that neither Artist no Licensor will now or hereafter make any effort or take any action to waive, disavow, renounce or reject this Agreement or Licensor and Artist’s obligations hereunder whether based on the Artist Declaration or any assertion made by Artist therein. RECITAL FIVE. THE parties agree that the†¦show more content†¦g) Sponsorships Endorsements. The non-exclusive right and license to seek and enter into agreement covering sponsorship and endorsement opportunities for Artist. h) For the avoidance of doubt all distribution rights set out above, including those of third party licensees, include the right to promote and advertise the approved Merchandise arising from such rights. For the avoidance of doubt a license to manufacture Merchandise includes the right to have such Merchandise manufactured by third parties. i) Support of the Official Online Store and Fan Club Website. Licensor shall use reasonable efforts to actively promote the Official Online Store and Fan Club including, without limitation, on Artist’s album packaging (subject to the consent of Artist’s record company), and at Artist’s live performances. Licensor shall provide unique textual content and other services to support the Official Online Store and Fan Club as reasonably requested by LICENSEE. 3) DEFINITIONS. (ROYALTY-RELATED DEFINTIONS ARE SET FORTH IN SECTION 6(G)) 2 The following capitalized terms, when used in this M/L Agreement shall the meanings ascribed to them below: a) â€Å"Concert Peripherals† means merchandise and product typically sold at live performances whether or not relating to Artist or bearing the Licensed Marks and Materials (such as glow sticks, binoculars, â€Å"blinkies† and the like). b) â€Å"DigitalShow MoreRelatedThe Global Apparel Supply Chain And Its Effects On Sustainability8384 Words   |  34 Pagesreason for this is that U.S. manufacturers contracting production overseas tend to use fabrics from the region where production is done, thereby taking sales away from U.S. domestic textile producers. As a result, after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was passed in 1994, U.S. textile producers encouraged apparel production in Mexico and the Caribbean Basin, where U.S. textiles can be used, but this production is now limited to basic clothing. 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How does Shakespeare use the theme of love to create a comedy Free Essays

â€Å"Twelfth Night† is a romantic comedy with true love at its heart. The play does have occasional dark undertones but generally the genuine love and the misunderstanding make it a comic play. It was written originally for the Twelfth Night celebrations after Christmas in 1602. We will write a custom essay sample on How does Shakespeare use the theme of love to create a comedy? or any similar topic only for you Order Now These celebrations were light hearted and a time for revelry. It was sometimes known as the â€Å"Feast of Fools† and normal behaviour and sensible acts were suspended at this time. Authority was turned up side down. In most universities, private houses and the law schools, a Lord of Misrule was elected. Usually a servant became Master of the Household for a short period of time. He organised dances, masques and make-believe activities. Everything was allowed; pranks, deception, etc., ruled this period between 25th December and 6th January. Afterwards, everything goes back to normal and the original hierarchy is once more obeyed. Love Poem iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/love-poem/embed/#?secret=HTcdFK3UBJ" data-secret="HTcdFK3UBJ" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Love Poem#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe Even though comedy is a large part of the play, love is most definitely the main theme. There are love triangles, love based on disguise and true love al involved in the lives of the characters. The play transforms one type of love for another, for example, selfish self-love is transformed to genuine love. This aspect shows that true love wins through in the end. Shakespeare uses all of the different types of love to create comedy towards the audience. For example, the self-love is so masochistic that the audience looks on with humour with the over-exaggeration. Unrequited love also makes quite a big romantic impact because the character is seen making a fool of themselves. Twelfth Night is a mixture of all emotions; an audience will laugh, cry and fume at the characters that Shakespeare creates. There are three characters at the heart of the play involved in a love triangle. Orsino is the first that we are introduced to. Shakespeare represents Orsino as a parody of the romantic lover, in love with the idea of love. He is comic at times because of his obsession and the exaggerated language he uses to talk about love: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 1 â€Å"If music be the food of love, play on Give me the excess of it, that surfeiting The appetite may sicken and so die† This quotation shows how melodramatic Shakespeare makes Orsino. It is so exaggerated that the audience would find him comical as he is portrayed as thinking that no other experience is as good as his intense feeling for love. He is obsessed by Olivia and is comical because of his obsessive nature. He also frequently seems quite fickle in his feelings which adds to his comic nature: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 1 â€Å"Enough; no more. ‘Tis not so sweet now as it was before† This quotation is an example of how Orsino changes his feelings in an instant. Later Orsino is talking to Viola/Cesario about men and women in love. He claims to be the model lover, talking about his love for Olivia: QUOTE: ACT 2, SCENE 4 â€Å"For such as I am, all true loves are Unstaid and skittish in all motions else† His lines are made particularly funny and he seems unperceptive because the audience is aware that Cesario is of course a woman and that despite what Orsino says about women having less capacity for love than men, Viola/Cesario in fact loves him a lot and much more constantly than he loves Olivia. This is a good example of dramatic irony. Shakespeare satirises Orsino’s exaggerated obsessive form of love. The second character involved in the love triangle is Olivia. Orsino and Olivia are quite similar in a number of ways but their main similarity is in their characters. They both provide comedy in the play because of their obsessive love and their fickleness. Examples of this for Olivia are her obsessive love for her dead brother and Cesario and how she changes from seven years mourning to loving Cesario and then changing from Cesario to Sebastian. A quotation for her obsessive nature is: QUOTE: ACT 3, SCENE 1 â€Å"Have you not set mine honour at the stake And baited it all with th’unmuzzled thoughts That tyrannous heart can think† Here, Olivia is openly expressing her love for Cesario which ends up being comical because it is unrequited. She pours her heart out which adds to the nature of the scene. Olivia criticises Orsino’s stereotypical view of love because it doesn’t sound real to her. Her actions towards love are actually much the same but she does not realise this, making her hypocritical and therefore criticising her own way of thinking. Also, she claims that she will never love again but that all changes when Cesario comes into the picture. Shakespeare creates her character to be an unrealistic and vain, top-class person which shows through in her language. Orsino praises her for her looks, not for her as a person and this once more accentuates their similarities and comic personal lives. This act depicts how shallow Orsino is. One of the most comical parts of the play to do with Olivia is when she falls in love with Cesario, or who the audience knows is Cesario. This is highly amusing for the audience as they know the truth and they watch Olivia make a fool of herself. Shakespeare uses love from Olivia to Viola to create a high point of comedy throughout the play. He uses over-exaggerated language once more to really highlight the shallow feelings of Olivia: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 5 â€Å"Let him send no more Unless (perchance) you come to me again To tell me now he takes it† This quotation is Olivia talking seductively to Cesario, once more openly expressing her feelings for â€Å"him†. Again, comical to the audience, for seeing a woman flirt with another was a very amusing but unheard of thing at the time when this play was performed. When Sebastian appears on stage a comical effect takes place because we can imagine the blank looks on the characters’ faces as an identical twin becomes part of the plot. Sebastian becomes a love interest to the fickle Olivia, once more creating comedy because of her changeability. By making Olivia so fickle and over-exaggerated Shakespeare creates a large amount of comedy based around her and the people she is involved with. The third and final part of the love triangle is Viola. She disguises herself as a man and serves Orsino which is comic first-off because of how she changes herself. The audience sees the change and therefore can compare the different reactions and feelings between the characters of Viola and Cesario. The audience would be used to this kind of dramatic behaviour, as a long tradition of plays at this time had these kind of comic complications. They would find it excessively funny seeing a beautiful woman able to disguise herself as a man yet no other characters able to notice. This is dramatic irony for the audience is let in on the secret but still can watch everyone not in the know create a jolly and comic atmosphere. Viola is sometimes witty and is involved in a range of comic situations most of them involved with the love complications in the play. The funniest single scene involving Viola has to be her comic duel with Sir Andrew which is set up by Sir Toby because both men are rivals for Olivia though of course neither does actually love her. There are several comic moments involving Viola where she gets herself caught up in situations that accentuate the comic nature of the play. Ironically Orsino fails to realise that his wonderful new servant is actually a woman despite the hinting conversations they have: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 4 â€Å"Thy small pipe is as the maiden’s organ† Here Orsino is speaking and commenting on Viola’s unnatural high, shrill female voice yet he still does not catch on that she is actually a woman. This also has a slightly bawdy tone to it which was very popular at that time and would definitely have made the audience laugh. At the end of the scene the audience realises the romantic comedy is underway as Viola reveals her true feelings for Orsino: QUOTE: ACT X, SCENE X â€Å"I’ll so my best to woo your lady (Aside) Yet a barful strife Whoe’er I woo myself would be his wife† The language here is romantic and wistful for Viola has to assist someone else, who she perceives not worthy of his love, to love Orsino although underneath she has true romantic feelings for him. Then Orsino sends Cesario to woo Olivia who falls in love with Viola! This is ironic and what starts off the love triangle. Shakespeare writes a speech for Viola to say to Olivia which is romantic, lyrical and paints vivid romantic pictures. It is also quite comical for the audience as they realise Olivia is in love with Viola. Viola can actually be quite witty and we can see this in her conversation with Maria: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 5 â€Å"Some mollification for your giant Sweet lady† Viola is being rude and sarcastic to Maria referring to her as a â€Å"giant†, therefore commenting on her lack of height. This is a small indication of what the real Viola is like underneath her male costume. By the end of the Act, Viola realises that Olivia has fallen in love with her, creating yet more amusement among the audience. Comedy is also involved when Orsino fails to realise Viola’s feelings despite some heavy hints: QUOTE: ACT 2, SCENE 4 â€Å"Of your completion†¦..About your years, my Lord† These are just two of the lines or hints that Viola says when she is in Orsino’s company. Viola says a long speech about the sincerity of her love. Shakespeare really goes all-out on the imagery in this section which reflects how Viola is feeling. It is a powerful insight into her life and feelings which is then cast into a shadow by Orsino’s weak and misunderstood response. QUOTE: ACT 2, SCENE 4 â€Å"But died thy sister of his love, my boy?† This is comic because even though Viola is her heart out for him, he is too bound up in his love affairs to notice. The duel is a very comic moment because Viola and Sir Andrew are both terrified of each other thanks to of the crafty ways of Sir Toby. He also urges them both on to the fight. Viola’s aside line would make the audience laugh: QUOTE: ACT 3, SCENE 4 â€Å"Pray God defend me! A little thing would make me tell them how much I love of a man† This would be very comical for the audience for it reveals Viola’s fright and nervousness towards the fight. Also she is supposed to be a man but everyone thinks that her slightly feeble attitude towards the fight is cowardly, and they would probably also doubt her masculinity therefore resulting it into and ironic and comic situation. In the final scene there is a mounting sense of comic confusion, particularly when Olivia thinks she has married Viola then Sebastian himself enters. You could see what confusion this would amount to on stage – everyone looking from Viola to Sebastian and back again. Shakespeare creates a huge amount of confusion with Viola because of her mistaken identity. Comically, everything turns out more or less well for her and Shakespeare successfully uses love to create comedy. Shakespeare creates characters primarily for comic effect in this play and each of them are in some way involved in the theme of love. Sir Andrew is one of these. He is a figure of fun, but can also be seen as a sad person. The audience feels sympathy for him while laughing at his antics. He has been tricked by Sir Toby into believing he is in love with Olivia, which shows how easily he can be manipulated. Therefore he is constructed as a comic character. Sir Toby tells him to do stupid things like dance wildly, his appearance is comical to the audience (long, lanky figure, rather dim expression) and most comical of all he repeats Sir Toby’s words but misunderstands them: QUOTE: ACT 1, SCENE 3 â€Å"Good Mistress Accost I desire better acquaintance† He gets confused with what people say and this puts a very comical and stupid air about his character. Shakespeare always portrays him as foolish. But he also has speeches which make you feel slightly sorry for him: QUOTE: ACT 2, SCENE 5 â€Å"I knew t’was I for many do call me fool† Even Sir Andrew is aware that people call him a fool which is a funny, yet heartfelt feeling put across by Shakespeare. Another poignant yet comic line is: QUOTE: ACT 2, SCENE 3 â€Å"I was adored once too† A famous line for you can tell his sorrow at being unloved yet you can laugh at his pathetic view on love. The main comic scene for Sir Andrew is the duel in Act 3, Scene 4. Shakespeare uses Sir Andrew for a key element of plot development in Act 4after fighting. Sir Andrew is terrified at the prospect of fighting someone and proceeds to do cowardly actions and act pathetically. This would seem hilarious to the audience because of how Shakespeare portrays Sir Andrew leading up to the fight and during it. Sir Andrew is left unhappy and alone at the end for everyone is married and have a happy ending. He does not but still his false love and stupidity casts him to be an important part of the play. Malvolio is another character who Shakespeare uses to create comedy in relation to love. He is a Puritan, satirised by Shakespeare, and filled to the brim with self love. Malvolio is not a sincere Puritan because of the letter plot in the box tree scene. This cleverly arranged plot reveals what a hypocrite Malvolio is about lusting after Olivia, as he frowned upon Sir Toby and Maria before, but when it relates to him he doesn’t care. This scene is the first comic element of Malvolio; the letter tricks him into smiling inappropriately and wearing awful clothes to impress Olivia, obviously all of this failing dismally in winning her affections, dramatically increasing the comedy of Malvolios character. In Act 3, Scene 4, the trick is revealed and Malvolio appears very ridiculous as he realises what a fool he has been. Sir Toby is very rude and cruel to him which makes him realise how unhappy his life is and how much disrespect people have for him. These elements do put a damper on the comic play but Malvolio does contribute with his comedy and love based antics. Although Shakespeare uses the theme of love primarily to create the comedy, the play also has much darker undertones. Feste is an ironic commentator on human nature and on the way in which people behave when they are in love. He has a very different perspective on love to the aristocratic figures in the play. Shakespeare ends the comedy with an epilogue from Feste, telling some very bitter thoughts about human nature, love and life. It ends with: QUOTE: ACT 5 SCENE 1 â€Å"But that’s all one, our play is done And we’ll strive to please you every day This is an acceptance of the sad conditions of life. A very unexpected end to a comedy. Feste is philosophical in all of his bitter songs and they all have poignant lines in them: QUOTE: ACT 2 SCENE 3 â€Å"Youth’s a stuff will not endure This is a saying that youth, love and beauty will not last forever. Another sad line is: QUOTE: ACT 2 SCENE 4 â€Å"Sad true lover, never find my grave This tells us about how people hide away and die for love. Feste provides us with comedy about love but his main role in this play is to make the audience come back to their senses and realise the reality of life. Overall, this play has many ways to show how love and comedy combine to make a story of passion and heartbreak, love and unhappiness. Every character I have analysed here contributes towards the intense tone of the play, giving comedy and love to the audience. Yes, there are a few who reveal the darker undertones but these characters are essential in making the play as provoking, passionate and realistic that it is. QUOTE: ACT 5 SCENE 4 â€Å"A great while ago the world begun With hey, ho the wind and the rain But that’s all one, our play is done, And we’ll strive to please you every day† How to cite How does Shakespeare use the theme of love to create a comedy?, Papers

Satisfaction and Their Diversity Perceptions

Question: Discuss about the International Students Study Satisfaction and Their Diversity Perceptions. Answer: Introduction International Students Study Satisfaction and Their Diversity Perceptions The study of cultural diversity helps learners become responsible and respective of diverse cultures of different people while interacting with various environments. Knowledge of the cultural diversity significantly reduces students rate of racial prejudice and discrimination. Through engagements and participation in diversity, education creates a setting over which efficient transfer of sound reasoning about other people's differences is enhanced (Zeichner, 2012). Students perceptions on the demographic compositions and motivational tools of the other students contribute a lot to the establishment of an environment for academic excellence. When there is a mutual feeling of satisfaction from all students on the nature of cultural diversity within an institution enriches growth of new cultures and unique demographics. This study seeks to demonstrate the importance and effects of international students study satisfaction and their diversity perceptions on Queensland Australia, University of Queensland. Real cultural diversity within the university creates a feeling of satisfaction for all international students. The study employs the use quantitative research approaches basically by use of feedbacks obtained from questionnaires filled by the international students. Robbins Judge, (2012) argues that the use of questionnaires give a variety of responses from the students over which the researcher may obtain concrete information to drive valid conclusions and recommendations regarding the research topic. Research Objectives and Questions The study of international students satisfaction and their diversity perceptions remains a significant topic of research based on diversity, engagements, and participation. In particular, this problem is studied primarily on the feedbacks obtained from international students studying at the University of Queesnsland. The main research aims and objectives include: To explore the student's satisfaction and their perceptions of diversity. To explore the motivational factors of students in the Universiy of Queensland. To find out the demographic factors of students at the University of Queensland. To evaluate international students engagement and participation in the Universitys cultural events. The study aims to answer various questions, some of which include: What is the level of satisfaction and diversity perceptions for international students in Australia? What are the factors that motivate international students in the university? What are the demographic factors composing students at the University of Queensland? How do international students participate or get engaged in cultural diversity events within the college? Students Satisfaction and Diversity Perceptions The culture of the University of Queensland values all the cultural aspects of students from different ethnic communities and races. The students are educated that people's opinions, ideas, and perceptions differ from what they look externally (Reynolds, Sneva, Beehler, 2010). The university provides a culture off of learning from one another in that the international students are enabled to acquire new cultures from the Australian students who come from different cultures. The university has established a wide range of classroom activities that assist foreign students in recognizing the essential humanity and the core value of various races of people. There is freedom of interaction and socialization that enable both the local and international students share stories of their cultures, beliefs, practices, and diversity perceptions to other communities cultures (Banks, 2015). Through this excellent approach by the university leadership, the student's satisfaction and diversity perce ptions are enhanced. Further, the administration of the University of Queensland has established the use of one common language that is mainly utilized by the tutors when giving lectures to their students. However, the international students are not satisfied with this approach and recommend the use of more than one primary languages to educate them. Every student has a positive perception of diversity and feel that diversity brings creativity and energy to the established culture (Barbatis, 2010). The university requires that all the international students studying in the school should leave their cultural differences at home and conform to the general standards at the course work. The international students get motivated and more productive when they have a positive perception that the university values and accepts their contribution to the growth and development of academic culture (Museus, 2014). Increasing the school diversity has improved the quality of interrelationships within the institution. Motivational Factors Students need different types of motivation as per their age. The most primary factor that motivates students is the ability to set a goal and striving hard to ensure that the purpose is realized (Bednarz, Schim, Doorenbos, 2010). International students studying at the University of Queensland, Australia come from different kinds of racial backgrounds, and this affects what kind of motivation assists them to excel in the institution. Most international students are interested in learning new ways of life and languages from the others. However, some of the students are full of cultural prejudice, and a superiority interest believes that their culture is the best. The leadership of the university advocates for the use of unique tones of communication while addressing their students and telling them the importances of cultural diversity. As per the findings of the research feedback on the questionnaire, most students are motivated to study different cultural aspects of communities and that they feel stimulated, excited, and energized to learn more about cultural diversity (Bhabha, 2012). The driving force and motivator of learning cultural diversity remain to be the desire to gain a vast knowledge of the cultures of different people from different nations. Motivation enables students to excel in their academics. Most international students are always motivated to study in a foreign country and therefore, prepared and ready to learn new cultures through the interaction with other students from that country. To begin with, demonstrating to the student's different photos of people of different ethnicities, sizes, and shapes motivate them to aspire to have an experience of individuals who look entirely different from themselves. The desire to interact with people from different cultures, tribes, and cultural norms motivates international students to go and study abroad (Dogra, Reitmanova, Carter-Pokras, 2010). International students are driven by the lessons taught at the University of Queensland about multicultural role models for this equips them with the abilities to understand gender, ethnic, and appearance perspectives of different people. Teaching students the majority rules continuously contributes to overall cultural growth and so und reasoning when making political decisions. Demographic Factors Recently, the population trends and implementation of policies allowing freedom of education have led to a significant in the number of international students who study in Australia. Despite the fact that the University of Queensland enrolls diverse body of students every year, recent research claims that these students do not experience similar university studying environment like the one encountered by the local students. There was a lack of support and unconducive studying climate from the University, but recently the school's administration has employed race equity measures that ensure that both the domestic and international students are treated the same with equity and without discrimination (Emerson, Fretz, Shaw, 2011). Apart from the formerly existed different experiences, research suggests that international students from diverse ethnic and racial compositions surprisingly had varying perspectives regarding campus life mainly based on cultural perspectives Reynolds, Sneva, Beehler, 2010). The Australian students perceive the international students, in particular from Africa as racial segregation while the other students from America are seen to be valuable and learned in that they can easily get consulted to provide support academically. Demographic factors affecting the cultural diversity in Queensland also involve discrimination, prejudice, and criticism of particular people from some continents. The feedbacks obtained suggest that ethnic or racial compositions within the University of Queensland, attitudes of prejudgment and prejudice on one's course, and discriminating a particular race within the classwork affects students studies (Muethel, Gehrlein, Hoegl, 2012). Some of the international students prejudice the faculties being undertaken by some students arguing that such courses or degrees are not marketable, this creates a mental stress and torture for the affected students. Further, other students view the diversity of degree programs as establishing a multidimensional platform under which every student is allowed to study a subject of his or her passion (Davis, 2014). The leadership of the university should discourage discriminatory experiences over the ethnic and race composts of the student's body. Participation and Engagement Involvement and participation involve the degree by which both the international and local students within the campus spend their time in classwork and engaging in the cultural events. Recent research suggests that students averagely spend their time equitably on study and leisure activities with our culture oriented. The University of Queensland, Australia adopts an inclusive culture that seeks to engage diverse ideas, students, and opinions so as to establish a vigilant learning environment (Gay, 2010). Under the department of sociology and culture, the institution has transformed campus culture to the extent that the entire university collectively benefits from the engagement into diversity. The participation and engagement of international students into the university's career events has transformed culture diversity and created a sense of belonging as well as respect for both the staff and the student's fraternity (Robbins Judge, 2012). Further, the university recommends that t he students should form culturally several clubs and societies whose agenda is to educate and equip fellow learners with new perceptions and skills of professional excellence. The department of culture, history, and diversity establishes lectures, tutorials, and group assignments examination modes for the students studying all subjects as a standard university unit. Research show that most of the international students put more efforts in completing assessments as compared to the local students from Australia. Further, all the international students studying in the campus keep up to date with their studies and regularly consult the lectures on some cultural aspects which seem to be challenging for them to understand (Biggs, 2011). However, other researchers show that the international students are lazier in attending classes as compared to the Australian students as the former spent much of their time in leisure activities other than attending lectures and tutorials (Mertens, 2014). As a result, the university's department of sports and science include more international students in cultural shows than the local ones, an aspect which is viewed to be discri minatory by the Australian students. In future, the leadership of the university should emphasize the importance of balancing time as well as the importance of fairness and equity amongst different students from varying nations with different cultures and race. Research Design This is the strategy employed by the researcher in the integration of various components of the research in a logical manner and enables the researcher to effectively address the research question (Levy Lemeshow, 2013). Practical research design constitutes of data collection, measurement, and analysis. In the study of the international student's education satisfaction and their diversity perceptions, quantitative research design is primarily used in the collection, measurement, and analysis of data. Study population The study population in this study is the students both internationally and locally studying in Australia. Sampling method The study uses simple random sampling method whereby every student within the university has the same chance of being selected to give his or her opinions as per the questionnaire. Sample size The student population at the University of Queensland is 1500 students, who should fill the questionnaires are respondents individually. Data collection method Secondary data collection method is used. Secondary data information is highly reliable in this study as the filled questionnaires, and other sources of information are allowed to be used in gathering sufficient and appropriate data for the proposal. Quantitative research design This is a formal, objective, and a systematic process of gathering quantifiable information about a population, it describes tests relationships, examines the cause and effect relationships, and enables the researcher to present information through questionnaires (Creswell, 2013). In our case, the availability of a questionnaire to be filled by the students allows a researcher to use the feedbacks obtained from the students in determining their diversity perceptions, engagements, motivation, and demographic factors. Advantages of Quantitative design Quantitative research design enables the researcher to measure any analyze the relevant data in the study effectively. There is an excellent and detailed study of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Enables the researcher to test the hypothesis in individual experiments due to its ability to measure data and use statistical information. Allows the researcher to minimize and eliminate the subjectivity of judgment of results and feedback obtained from the interviewers. Suitability of Quantitative approach Research questionnaires filled by both the sample populations of the international and local students assists the researcher to have no difficulties in making a decision over the underlying challenges. Further, the quantitative research design is suitable for this study since there is no necessity for an in-depth examination of the respondent's opinions from the questionnaires in respect to their areas of interest (Smith Osborn, 2009). The research design has enabled the researcher to collect sufficient data through questionnaires filled by different students from various countries who study at the University of Queensland, Australia. Ethical issues The ethical issues surrounding this study are discrimination, racism, and ethnic issues. There are strong aspects of discrimination to some international students studying in Australia by the school administration and the tutors. Also, the element of racist has dipped itself seriously in the university whereby some of the students consider themselves more superior than the other (Andrews Herzberg, 2012). This is basically between the whites and the black students. Further, there are ethnic issues in the organization, whereby while English is still considered as the common language that should be used by all students, other students still have a feeling that their other languages should be utilized instead. Options for solving ethical issues Moral issues establish conflicts within the campus and should, therefore, get kicked out with immediate effect. The following approaches should be used to address these problems. Initiate programs for educating the importance of fairness and equity to all students, lectures, and stakeholders of the institution. Educate students on the importance of cultural diversity within an organization, as well as the dangers of racism. Design strategies and programs for cultural events where every racial and ethnic composition is given a chance to express their culture. Timeline This part shows schedule and tasks needed to be completed for the study to make it a success, they are presented in a table as below: Tasks Timeline (Months) Create items for the study 3 Review items with experts 5 assistance. Pre- test the data with a representative 4 a sample of the students Do programming of the chosen 9 software to analyze the survey Preparation of study site 9 Hire, train, and develop research 8 assistants Employ 1500 subjects and administer 18 the study of all departments Analysis of data 22 Prepare the manual scripts to peer 24 reviewed journals. Conclusion Education is the key to success. Most people prefer doing their undergraduate and postgraduate education outside their country of birth. International students face various challenges in an attempt to cope and tolerate foreign cultures and learning climates. However, this exposure equips them with new approaches to understanding the importance of cultural diversity as well as valuing the participation and engagement in campus cultural events. Given the importances of studying abroad, students should look forward to going to study there so as to gain professional skills, communities cultures, and book studies. Therefore, the international student's satisfaction and perception of diversity enable them to appreciate its importance and as a result, educate the other students on how to enhance effective interpersonal relations within the campus even if people come from different nations. References Andrews, D. F., Herzberg, A. M. (2012).Data: a collection of problems from many fields for the student and research worker. Springer Science Business Media. Banks, J. A. (2015).Cultural diversity and education. Routledge. Barbatis, P. (2010). Underprepared, ethnically diverse community college students: Factors contributing to persistence.Journal of Developmental Education,33(3), 14. Bednarz, H., Schim, S., Doorenbos, A. (2010). Cultural diversity in nursing education: Perils, pitfalls, and pearls.Journal of Nursing Education,49(5), 253-260. Bhabha, H. K. (2012).The location of culture. Routledge. Biggs, J. B. (2011).Teaching for quality learning at university: What the student does. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Creswell, J. W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approach. Sage publications. Davis, H. C., Dickens, K., Leon Urrutia, M., Vera, S., del Mar, M., White, S. (2014). MOOCs for Universities and Learners an analysis of motivating factors. Dogra, N., Reitmanova, S., Carter-Pokras, O. (2010). Teaching cultural diversity: current status in UK, US, and Canadian medical schools.Journal of general internal medicine,25(2), 164-168. Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., Shaw, L. L. (2011).Writing ethnographic fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press. Gay, G. (2010).Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. Teachers College Press. Levy, P. S., Lemeshow, S. (2013). A Sampling of populations: methods and applications.John Wiley Sons. Mertens, D. M. (2014).Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage publications. Muethel, M., Gehrlein, S., Hoegl, M. (2012). Socio?demographic factors and shared leadership behaviors in dispersed teams: Implications for human resource management.Human Resource Management,51(4), 525-548. Museus, S. D. (2014). The culturally engaging campus environments (CECE) model: A new theory of success among racially diverse college student populations. InHigher education: Handbook of theory and research(pp. 189-227). Springer Netherlands. Reynolds, A. L., Sneva, J. N., Beehler, G. P. (2010). The influence of racism-related stress on the academic motivation of Black and Latino/a students.Journal of college student development,51(2), 135-149. Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. (2012).Essentials of organizational behavior. Boston: Pearson. Smith, C. J., Osborn, A. M. (2009). Advantages and limitations of quantitative PCR (Q- PCR)-based approaches in microbial ecology.FEMS microbiology ecology,67(1), 6- 20. Zeichner, K. (2012). Educating teachers for cultural diversity in the United States.Teacher Education in Plural Societies (RLE Edu N): An International Review,141.

Play Report On A Look Back In Anger Essays - English-language Films

Play Report On A Look Back In Anger The play, A Look Back in Anger, by John Osborne brings the notion of the angry man gone mad to the surface. But what does this play teach us? Or, does this play teach us anything? At the end of this paper it will be evident that this play does teach us something, and that is how some people, as individuals, have their own ways of thinking, and reacting, which are considerably different from the social norms. Of course the character we will be analyzing is Jimmy. There are 3 stimuli that correspond to radical reactions by Jimmy. The first stimulus is love; Jimmy has ways of expressing his love to the women of his life that are different than the rest of society's. The second stimulus is the natural aggression towards threats, and most of these threats are small, that Jimmy expresses with Cliff, and also in Allison's mother, in particular. The final trigger to Jimmy's radical way of reacting is that of death. It seems to be an image that haunts him throughout the play and he only brings it to the surface after the halfway point. This, last, stimuli can be regarded as an explanation to his radical ways, that give him the image of the angry man. However, there is one over-ruling thesis that covers all three stimuli that is the basis of Jimmy's radical behavior, and that is of women in general; Jimmy, as will be demonstrated in each section, is very insecure with the opposite sex, whether it is will girlfriends, wives, or landlords. On the topic of love, Jimmy has demonstrated his difficulty to conform to the social norms, in terms of being a gentleman towards women, especially his own wife, Allison. The first major indication of this problem was when Allison and him were showing their first mutual signs of affection, but they were required to result to role playing to fulfill their show of love. Jimmy: You're very beautiful. A beautiful, great-eyed squirrel?How I envy you. Allison: Well, you're a jolly super bear, too. A really soooooooooooper, marvelous bear. Jimmy: Bears and Squirrels are marvelous Jimmy and Allison have proven that they must put on disguises to show their affection. Allison as a Squirrels, and Jimmy as a bear also demonstrates the way their perceive each other. A squirrel is small, weak, and helpless, as is contrary to a bear, that has the image of a vicious and barbaric animal. In this point of view, Osborne is showing us an analogy of how he perceives their relationship. Bears and squirrels don't really get along, mainly because they compete for the same food. In the play we see how Allison and Jimmy are incompatible, and when they speak of how bears and squirrels are marvelous, it just proves to show that they are blind to the fact that they don't belong together. However, it must be made clear that this is not due to Allison that they lock horns often, but it at Jimmy's fault; he is seen as the instigator to every conflict in this play. Not only in terms of love, but also in regarding women altogether, Jimmy sees women as the enemy. Jimmy has attacked every woman in this play, physically or verbally, except for one, and that was Hugh's mother who has dying. (this issue will be addressed in the last portion of this essay). First, we will look at the situation with Helena; as first it is evident that they hate each other, but then they kiss and become lovers. This is not only unusual, but shows the instability and unpredictability of Jimmy's actions. The issue is that he sees Helena as an enemy that is trying to convince Allison to leave him; and Jimmy seems correct, because in fact, that is what happens in the end, but it's quite unpredictable. Jimmy shows his disgust towards Helena when he says to her: What are you plotting? This is implying that Helena is out to mess his life up, this then leads to a confrontation that almost gets violent. Helena: If you come nearer, I will slap your face. Jimmy: I hope you won't make the

Free Essays on Montana 1948

Society has many quirks, which are amplified when individual cases are examined. People’s lives have many hidden facets, not seen by the rest of the community, often purposely hidden. While this may be done in order to make an individual or family seem more â€Å"presentable† to the rest of the population, these â€Å"public lies,† as they are called by David Huddle, perpetuate even more, until almost everyone has some sort of hidden aspect of their life. Not everyone is as perfect as they make it seem, but because they make themselves seem faultless, they make others feel inadequate and be self conscious about their faults. More defects are then covered up, leading to more dishonesty in society. In the novel Montana 1948 by Larry Watson, the life of a seemingly perfect family is thrown into chaos by the actions of a family member. David Hayden, the main character of the novel, is forced to grow up within a very short amount of time, when his uncle, Frank, is accused of molesting the local Native American girls, while giving them medical examinations. The accusations are not made public, but to Frank’s brother Wesley- David’s father- who is the sheriff of the small town in which the family resides. Family loyalties are thrown askew as Wesley must decide how to deal with these accusations against his brother, as he is the law and must either act accordingly or decide to protect Frank and the family’s reputation. Wesley ultimately ends up arresting his brother, which he justifies in his own mind as the morally right thing. But Wesley and Franks father Julian becomes enraged at the fact that Wesley has done this, and insists that Frank be let go. He favors Frank, and thinks that Wesley may be making the arrest because of his jealousy that is a result of Julian’s favoritism. However, this doesn’t seem to be the entirety of his anger- Julian has led the family to become â€Å"as close as Mercer County came to aristocracy† (... Free Essays on Montana 1948 Free Essays on Montana 1948 Society has many quirks, which are amplified when individual cases are examined. People’s lives have many hidden facets, not seen by the rest of the community, often purposely hidden. While this may be done in order to make an individual or family seem more â€Å"presentable† to the rest of the population, these â€Å"public lies,† as they are called by David Huddle, perpetuate even more, until almost everyone has some sort of hidden aspect of their life. Not everyone is as perfect as they make it seem, but because they make themselves seem faultless, they make others feel inadequate and be self conscious about their faults. More defects are then covered up, leading to more dishonesty in society. In the novel Montana 1948 by Larry Watson, the life of a seemingly perfect family is thrown into chaos by the actions of a family member. David Hayden, the main character of the novel, is forced to grow up within a very short amount of time, when his uncle, Frank, is accused of molesting the local Native American girls, while giving them medical examinations. The accusations are not made public, but to Frank’s brother Wesley- David’s father- who is the sheriff of the small town in which the family resides. Family loyalties are thrown askew as Wesley must decide how to deal with these accusations against his brother, as he is the law and must either act accordingly or decide to protect Frank and the family’s reputation. Wesley ultimately ends up arresting his brother, which he justifies in his own mind as the morally right thing. But Wesley and Franks father Julian becomes enraged at the fact that Wesley has done this, and insists that Frank be let go. He favors Frank, and thinks that Wesley may be making the arrest because of his jealousy that is a result of Julian’s favoritism. However, this doesn’t seem to be the entirety of his anger- Julian has led the family to become â€Å"as close as Mercer County came to aristocracy† (...

Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Security - Research Paper Example aper will explore the scope of security, responsibilities of a security director, necessary skills for the position, importance of business environment to security operations and the scope security operations in an organization. The general scope of roles of the security in an organization is the protection of organization’s properties. This covers the organization’s internal and external environments. Security ensures safety of property, conducts investigations, administration and management roles. One of the roles of security is to apprehend and enforce immediate discipline on any person found to have breached security measures in the organization. Some of the involved cases in this scope are theft and destruction of property and security devices (Sennewald, 2011). Security department also vets new employees to ascertain their potential to threaten the organization’s security. This role investigates historical code of conduct of selected employees to ascertain their past criminal records. It therefore advises the management on decisions that affect security of the organization’s assets (Sennewald, 2011). Security department is also the custodian of all the access points within an organization monitoring and ensuring safety of property. It keeps copies of keys to secured areas and manages access points into the organization such as gates, doors, and safes. Another role of the security department involves provision of safe dispatch and reception of sensitive documents and assets such as money by offering escorts to and from the organization. This protects the organization’s assets from burglary while on transit. Finally, the security plays a crucial role in maintaining security confidence within an organization. The presence of security personnel in patrols promotes psychological stability for favorable interactive environment for internal operations of the organization and relations with outsiders such as customers (Sennewald, 2011). A security

The nature of society, social class divisions, and upward mobility in Essay

The nature of society, social class divisions, and upward mobility in Pride and Prejudice and Great Expectations - Essay Example It illustrates both convicts and lawyers who judge criminals in court hence an insinuation of the enlisted societal traits. In London prisons, Joe minds about their state. Throughout the book, imagery concerning crime with affiliations to justice has been used greatly. The institutions set in the community that the story is based are distinct, and Pip desires to live up to them. Pip decides to find a better way to life in the society out of crime (Dickens). He does this to avoid police traps, jails, and court. The statement insinuates of the extent to which crime and guilt versus innocence has penetrated the community. In addition, Magwitch together with Pip portray criminal character when they help each other to evade police in relation to the case where they both commit a crime. With reference to nature of societies, Pride and prejudice is a collection of a society with stringent norms and the entire episode revolves around love and class (Austen). Not much is said about crime or justice system like the one Dickens’ work put forward. The society here has segmented the class well adhered to and cannot be surpassed without regard to certain criteria and values. Like any society, the love stories in the piece are full of drama about the mistrust from the start proceed to complete trust and eventual marriage (Dickens). Elizabeth is a proud woman, a virtue that makes her characterize Darcy imperfectly from the onset. In addition, the same is replicated by Darcy who is of a different social class from Elizabeth and as such has a different first impression. However, as they tag along, they learn a lot from each other, and the setting enhances their standpoint enabling them to accommodate each other. The family of both steps into a relationship and they try to control their actions threatening with destroying it. The society is tight with its rules. Contrary to the Great expectations view of reputation in society, Austen’s work is all about reputation in society.

The Description Of Leadership Styles

The Description Of Leadership Styles Organizational achievements are directly affected by type of leadership which their leaders are applying. So its important to review the literature on leadership styles. Throughout leadership history, many researchers have tried to explain about all or some part of typicality collection which results a successful leadership. Some of the most often quoted historical authors include Plato, Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke from the West and Confucius and Xunxi from the East (J.R. Turner R. Muller, 2005). Barnard (1938) defined the leaders basic functions. Based on his suggestion, an executive leader should have managerial and emotional attitudes. Managerial attitudes relapsed to cognitive and emotional attitudes refer to cathectic skills. Cognitive skills contain guiding, perfusing aims and directing related tasks. Cathectic skills contain motivational functions for making goal-seeking thoughts and increasing commitment between team members or a sample group. Aristotle defines three spec ifications for a good leader: 1. Developing relationships between all followers 2. Advocating an ethic vision 3. Leading by logic to manage activities. Researches have dedicated different dividing for leadership styles. At first we review divisions based on current sects over the recent seventy years. Handy (1982), Partington (2003) and Dulewicz Higgs (2003) have defined six main sects for leadership theory: The trait approach The style approach The contingency approach The charismatic approach t The EI (emotional intelligence) approach The competency approach The Trait Sect approach was pervasive until 1940s. It assumes leadership ability as an inborn specification not an acquisitive one. Turner (1999) through his studies found seven traits for effective executive leaders (e.g., ability of solving problems, negotiation and result-based mind). Kirkpatrick and Locke (1991) defined six topicalities as traits for an effective leader. The style approach was pervasive between 1940s-1960s. The basis of this sect is based on assuming leadership as an acquisitive concern. The most applicable theories in this frame place leaders on one or two dimensional metric by comparing them with one or two parameters. Its seeable in Adair (1983), Blake Mouton (1978) and Slevins (1989) works. The contingency sect was pervasive up to 1970s. Instead of last sects for finding fix attitudes for leadership, it suggests that being an effective leader depends on the pertinences of situations. Its typified in House (1971), Fiedler (1967) and Robbinss (1997) works. This sect tends to follow a process containing these steps: 1. Apprising the leaders characteristics 2. Evaluating mentioned situation based on main contingency variables 3. Seeking an accordant between the situation and the leader. House (1971) based path-goal theory as a contingency theory considering leader as a guider for helping the team in both finding goal and the process of finding. Path-goal theory defines four leadership types (Directive, Supportive, Participative and Achievement-oriented leaders). These should be matched with subordinate and environmental factors. Fiedlers (1967) different leadership types were based on defining three main variables for determining desirability between leadership style and situation. Such determination will affect the role of the leader. The charismatic approach was pervasive between 1980s- 1990s. it based on analyzing the behaviors of leaders which were successful in leading their organizations in changing situations. Based on Basss (1990) suggestion there are two leadership styles; transactional and transformational. Cognitive roles of Barnard are in accordance with the transactional leaders attitudes. Barnards cathectic roles are adaptable with The transformational leaders attitudes. Bass (1990) provided the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) for evaluating type of leaders (transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire). MLQ is the most applicable questionnaire of evaluating leaders. Dulewicz and Higgs (2004) have adjoined more scales for both Organizational Concept and Organizational Commitment. By adding these scales, the weaknesses of primary MLQ has rectified. The IE (Emotional Intelligence) approach has been pervasive since the late 1990s. Its based on considering the emotional intelligence of leaders as the most important factor in success of them. Goleman, Boyatzis, McKee (2002) has Developed four dimensions for intellectual capability of a leader. These four dimensions lead to create six different leadership styles (Visionary, Democratic, Coaching, Pacesetting, Affiliative and Commanding). They assume that first four styles accelerate the responsibility in the team working and improve the performance but tow remained styles can lead to decrease both the responsibility and the performance. But in some cases these two styles (regarding the situation) might be useful. They also have demonstrated the correlation between IE, leadership style and organizational performance. Since the late 1990s the advertency of studies has moved to identification of Effective leaders competencies. All the efforts about such identifications return to competency approach. It might be considered as the similarity between competency approach and trait approach. But its important to emphasize that competencies are not inborn so its possible to make an effective leader. Different combined competencies will result different types of leadership which is suitable for different situations; Producing transactional leaders in situations of low complexity and transformational leaders in situations of high complexity (J.R. Turner R. Muller, 2005). Competencies are derived from mental or technical or bases. Dulewicz and Higgs (2003) have shown a comprehensive overview for competency approach and its functions. For ending the literature about leadership styles, its necessary to review basic leadership styles. Demonstrating three basic leadership styles by Kurt Lewin (1939) and his research group was the first try in defining leadership styles. As an early study, they demonstrate the main compartment containing Autocratic, Democratic and Laissez-Faire styles. Dyers study in 1986 showed that there are five separate approaches to leadership- participative, autocratic, laissez-faire/ mission, expert and referent. Recent classification assumes more divisions. There are six basic styles of leadership (Goleman, 2000) which containing coercive, authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and coaching styles. Considering recent research results, effective leaders have ability to use their emotional intelligence for matching the assorted leadership style with particular situation. These six main styles are using different aspects of emotional intelligence for different situations. The ability for switching between these types for current situation of organization will make an effective leadership. Coercive style as an approach is using for compulsive situation. Such approach must be used warily because in most of situations, it may have negative effects on motivation and flexibility of employees. Authoritative style is less rigid than Coercive style by giving just freedom to employees for selecting the way of achieving the goal which has determined decisively by the leader. Affiliative style is based on giving no advice to employees. Its suitable for increasing coordination and sodality between leader and employees but may create employees instability. Democratic style makes an open area for decision making. Such approach increases the responsibility and flexibility throughout the organization but may create dispersion and decentralization disadvantages. Pacesetting style shows some kind of leadership who tries to make both high level for employees performance and advantages for competent workers. Such approach usually makes inverse results based on leaders idealism tendency. Coaching style signify the leaders focus on personality of workers more than their tasks. It causes improving weaknesses but may have inverse effect on rigid employees. Executives use six leadership styles, but only four of the six consistently have a positive effect on climate and results (Goleman, 2000). Whatever the leader has more domination on coaching, democratic, authoritative and affiliative styles, organizational achievement will be increased. Focus on Autocratic Leadership Style and its Applications and its Failure and Success Cases 3 pages In autocratic leadership style, workers and followers are controlled by one person as a leader. Theres no collaborative decision making and no concrescence between leaders and staff. Workers lose their responsibility, initiative and accountability. Such approach has negative effects on compensating process. In most of cases, autocratic style can be used for resurrecting a failing business by determining new ways of survival with a top-down set of procedures. The autocratic style should be used only with extreme caution and in the few situations when it is absolutely imperative (Goleman, 2000). A long term use of such approach will cause reducing employees performance by damaging their morale. Observations of the effects of leadership style (i.e., autocratic vs. democratic) on the atmosphere of small groups process analyses of interactions in laboratory discussion tasks, and reports of industrial workers on the behavioral styles of their supervisors sought to identify patterns of leader behavior associated with high productivity or good morale (Chemers, 2000). Vroom and Yetton (1973) developed a decision-making model for integrating decision of leaders by applying occasional factors considering a wide range of decision-making for leaders varying from autocratic approaches to participative approaches. Such model defines that in case that the work is distinctive and employees are able enough, tending to autocratic approach gives better results. Overhand in unclear situation with no enough information participative approach will help making a better decision. In some situations when leader has not enough support, using participative strategy will help him assuring followers about the equality of decision makings weigh between them. Empirical research on the normative decision model is not extensive but is generally supportive of its basic premises (Field House, 1990). Both Normative decision theory and contingency model are focused on as the leadership as a core of decision making. It means that these approaches are considering leader as a person who gains the support of followers for implementing the best solution. Meanwhile these two methods are focusing on applying Autocratic style for situations with a clear short-term aim and supportive followers but p participative approach should be used for less clarified situation. Both Fiedlers (1967; Fiedler Chemers, 1974, 1984) contingency model and Vroom and Yettons (1973) normative decision model are built around the notion that internal group processes, such as decision-making processes, must match with external task demands to ensure high levels of group performance (Chemers, 2000). It seems autocratic approach can be used in predictable circumstances and in more unclear and less predictable situation there is more need to use participative approaches. Identifying environmental factors like attitudes of followers can help a leader for choosing the best style of leadership matched with current situation. Dyers (1986) study shows that adopting participative, expert, or referent leadership styles by managers will result in higher employee satisfaction and better business performance. In contrast, applying autocratic or laissez-faire/ mission leadership style will result in negative effects regard to employees satisfaction and business performance (R. L. Sorenson, 2000). There was a significant relationship between the project leaders professional qualification, his leadership style, and team composition and overall project performance (Odusami, 2003). Clift and Vandenbosch (1999) mentioned that autocratic leadership style is more common in short-cycle simple projects and participative leadership style is more common in short-cycle complex projects. Moreover, the long-cycle project leaders have also more tendencies to use the autocratic approach to lead the project. The Vroom and Yetton (1973) normative contingency model emphasizes increased follower involvement in decision making rangi ng from autocratic, consultative, to group leadership styles (Hollander Offermann, 1990). Baker (1980) has suggested studying the model because it can be useful for leaders in decision making and improving its process. Likert (1961) showed that a top level leader can issue his leadership style for the next leaders and make it as a leadership culture for the organization. For instance, a highly placed autocratic leader, who is low on input and participation from subordinates, can set a climate that limits the ability of leaders below to be participative (Hollander Offermann, 1990). Subordinate participation in decision making (PDM) as a human relation-based approach gave more tools for decision making. Schweiger and Leana (1986) by using PDM showed that no participation level (from fully autocratic to fully participative) can be employed for all followers in all kind of circumstances. Autocratic- oriented leadership may assume that his own awareness and information is enough for important decision making and followers are always less qualified for commitment. Such view point is unlike the participative leadership style. Job Satisfaction Description (Definitions and Business Impacts) 4 pages As one of the most important issues in organizational behavior, Job satisfaction considered as an attitudinal variable measuring the degree to which employees like their jobs and the various aspects of their jobs (Spector, 1996; Stamps, 1997). Locke (2002) gives a definition for job satisfaction as a pleasurable or a positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of ones job or job experience. it can be defined also as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the feelings a worker has about his or her job or job experiences in relation to previous experiences, current expectations, or available alternatives (Balzer, 1997). As Begley Czajka (1993) Chiu (2000) and Tharenou (1993) said, job satisfaction is related to increase Job performance, positivity of work values, raising the motivation of employees and decreasing the absenteeisms rates and so on. In fact the whole Attitudes of members in an organization constitute the Job satisfaction. Responding employees into their job descriptions indicates the ir obligation toward employers. Re-engineering and minifying of the organization can help employers specifying efficient employees. Robbinss (1998) suggestion shall be considered about being the basis of job satisfactions measurement on the difference between the amounts of actual receiving compensate and the amount of which they are expected to receive. There are too many studies about Job satisfaction as one the organizational behaviors main factors. The relationship between job satisfaction and other organizational outcomes like absenteeism, performance, organizational commitment and turnover leads to focus on it. Changing situation of every organization especially hospitality industry led to focus on how to made employees efficient and effective, and thus for reaching the answers that was necessary to start studying about job satisfaction. Motivation theories (Herzberg, Maslow, and Vroom) are the basis for most of job satisfactions approaches. Maslows (1943) hypothesis is based on a hierarchy containing five needs (psychological, safety, social, esteem and self actualization needs). It assumes such proposition; although no need is ever fully gratified, a substantially satisfied need no longer motivates (Faulk, 2002). So its critical for an organization to identify the level of every employee on the hierarchy and try to satisfy him/her at that or hyper level. Motivation-hygiene theory of Herzberg (1966) suggests two factors affecting on the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of employees. According to this two-factor theory, inner factors are related to job satisfaction (opportunity of personal achievement, essence of work and possibility of growing). Conversely, outer factors are related with job dissatisfaction (organizational policy, conditions of works and etc. Expectancy theory of Vroom (1964) hypothesizes a relationship between the tendency to behave in a certain way, strength of a given outcome and the attractiveness of that outcome to employees. It proposes that an employee will perform at the best level of possibility if he/she be sure of existing one strong relationship between endeavor and performance, performance and compensates, compensates and satisfaction of personal aims. As a measurable thing, job satisfaction can be assumed as global feeling related to job and its factors. A job satisfaction facet can be related to any aspect of a job, including rewards, coworkers, supervisors, the work itself, and the organizational (Faulk, 2002) Based on Spector (1997) studies, such approach can prepare one more clear perspective of employees job satisfaction than a global approach. The reason is about having various feelings of different facets of the job. There are two job satisfaction measurement tools containing the Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ). Both tools are developed for measurement of job satisfaction applying facet approach. Both of them measure the job satisfaction level by scaling satisfaction with distinctive facets of every employees job. The score of all facets including essence of work, competitors, supervisory and payment methods is gathered to make the summarized job satisfaction levels. Thereafter studies began to focus on using JDI and MSQ payment sub-scales for accretion of validity and making opportunity for comparing different results of studies (e.g., Berger Schwab, 1980; Blau, 1994; Capelli Sherer, 1988; Dreher, 1981; Dyer Theriault, 1976; Schwab Wallace, 1974). Organizational commitment is an important factor in organizational studies. It has a strong correlation with work-based factors like absenteeism, turnover, job satisfaction, leader-worker relationships (Arnolds Boshoff, 2004; Bagraim, 2003; Buck Watson, 2002; Eby, et al., 1999; Farrell Stamm, 1988; Lance, 1991; Mathieu Zajac, 1990; Michaels Spector, 1982; Tett Meyer, 1993; Wasti, 2003). Turn over can be defined as a states the individuals intentions to leave the organization (Faulk, 2002). Its another factor which has been considered having a relation to job satisfaction. Brockner et al. (2002) present that attention to justice in layoffs leads to increasing desirable reactions of workers for reaching the outcomes. Greenberg (1990a) showed the linkage of procedural justice with system satisfaction. Moreover he found the relativity between distributive justice and outcome satisfaction. Next studies support such model defining not only the impact of procedural justice on every organizational factor like organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviors but the impact of distributive justice on job specifications like job satisfaction. Such proceeding can be applied as a practical action for every organization. For increasing the level of commitment in organization, its necessary to focus proceedings on procedural justice perceptions. Otherwise for increasing the level of job satisfaction organization should focus on increasing distributive justice. Judge et al (2001) provided a review of relationship between job satisfaction and job performance qualitatively and quantitatively. They described 7 past qualitative models and finally because of un-integrity between all of them, used a new meta-analysis and developed a procedure for next researches about relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. Rusbult and Farrell (1983) studied The Impact of a longitudinal test of the investment model on job commitment, satisfaction and turnover of employees their study showed the differences between leavers and those who stayed in each factor of this model. Arvey et al (1989) examined environmental and genetic component on job satisfaction by using monozygotic twins and their findings was in consistent with genetic hypothesis and were applied as supplements of job satisfaction theories. Impacts of Autocratic Leadership Style on Employees Job Satisfaction 2 pages There are many worthy researches about leadership since the 1950s. This has divided into three areas: task-oriented, relation-oriented and participative leadership (Yukl, 2001). May be it is a common assumption that leadership style is based on everyones personality but functionally, it should be an optional choice. Leaders should have a wide range of behavioral solutions for every particular occasion. Goleman (2000) has defined six basic leadership styles deriving from various levels of emotional intelligence and applicable in specific situations. Each style has led organizational achievement with a specific manner. Our own working experiences tell us these are incontrovertible facts (Solutions Zones 2004). If we consider the autocratic management style as a kind of transactional style of leadership, there are a vast researches and applied findings about its relation with workers motivation, subordinates commitment and job satisfaction. The transformational leadership style has a positive association with work performance and organizational commitment of subordinates more than the transactional style. Transformational leaders produce higher leadership outcomes as well (Stephen Ogunlana, 2008). Also, Savery (1994) investigates on democratic style of leadership which is in opposite of autocratic one and says that The democratic style of leadership leads to a more positive organizational commitment from the individual and also higher job satisfactionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Rad Yarmohammadian (2006) found that Employees job satisfaction depends upon the leadership style of managers. The research shows that participative management is not always a good management style. Managers should select the best leadership style according to the organizational culture and employees organizational maturity (Rad Yarmohammadian, 2006). We indicate specific instances where it has been shown that an appropriate leadership style, and the competence and emotional intelligence of the leader, delivers better results (J.R. Turner R. Muller, 2005) Research has shown that the most successful leaders have strengths in the following emotional intelligence competencies: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skill (Goleman, 2000). Autocratic style as an approach must be used by a calculable method because in most of situations, it may have negative effects on motivation and flexibility of employees.

Benefit Programs in the Major Airline Industry

The Human Resource topic that we selected is to analyze the benefit programs of four major airlines. Benefits are important to employees as well as their families, and can be a powerful recruiting tool. Benefits also play a major role in managerial decisions and wise benefit choices can have a long-term impact on the quality of life. Some characteristics of a sound benefits program are, they must have clear specific objectives, they must allow for employee input, they must be responsive to societal and environmental change, provide for flexibility, and there must be clear communication with employees. One of the main challenges that companies face are the overall costs of these benefit programs to the companies themselves, as well as staying competitive in hopes to attract high quality employees. Almost 40% or $14,678 per employee is spent on benefit programs per year. American Airlines like many other airlines are facing many challenges in the HR area of benefits and incentives. American Airlines as we all know is one of the leading airlines in today†s airline industry. This status reflects upon Americans benefit program. American Airlines realizes that it must stay competitive in this area to ensure that they get the most qualified employees. American Airlines offers many benefits and incentives for their employees with hopes to attract the best. Many of the benefits are standard and required by law such as social security, unemployment, workers compensation, and leaves without pay. What really must be paid attention too are the benefits and incentives that are offered in addition to the ones required by law. These benefits and incentives are what attract individuals to work for American rather than another airline. Benefits such as a 401 K – Super Saver, which allows up to an ample 20% tax provision, a stock purchase plan, a credit union which could help one to buy a house, and personal emergency coupled with sick pay, just to name a few. American Airlines also recognizes ten major holidays for which employees do not have to work, yet they still get paid. Most of these are benefits that competing airlines offer, but one benefit stands out. American Airlines pass travel program is a benefit that many do not tend to overlook. American does not offer free stand-by tickets to its employees until they have been with the airline for 10 years. What they do offer are special discounted rates. This is the major weakness in their strategy to attract employees with benefits. American offers a very long list of benefits and incentives but this is one that is left out. I believe that American Airlines is making a big mistake by not allowing employees to fly for free. To become more effective American Airlines should add this benefit to its list so that it can be competitive with the other airlines. American has many strengths which include benefits that the other airlines do not offer such as a 401 K plans of up to 20%, and a credit union. Although at the same time it has a very large weakness, which is their travel plan that only offers its employees discounted rates, instead of free airfare. American Airlines must feel that it does not have to offer this benefit to attract potential workers, because it has so many other benefits to offer. Continental Airlines prides itself on offering a wide variety of benefits to their employees. The eligibility for these benefits varies according to the length of time an employee has worked for the company, and the position that they hold. One challenge that Continental Airlines face is the cost of providing these benefits to their employees. They have to make sure that they are financially able to provide these benefit programs, while still attracting high quality employees to their company. Some of these benefits include travel passes, profit sharing, stock purchase plans, retirement plans, 401(k) savings plan, vacation and sick pay, an expense reimbursement plan, medical and dental insurance, vision insurance, life insurance, and accident insurance. Although Continental employees and their families are able to travel at reduced rates; they are not able to fly completely for free, which may be considered unfavorable by some employees. Continental employees are also able to share in the financial growth of the company by purchasing Continental stock at a discounted rate. Continental also provides a fully funded retirement plan, which employees vest in after five years of service. It also provides the 401(k) savings plan, which is a great way for employees to save for retirement. The employees can save up to 19% of their salary before taxes are withheld. Continental also matches a portion of their employees† contributions to the 401(k) savings plan. Full and part time employees of Continental are able to take advantage of paid vacations, as well as the sick leave policy which gives employees time off from work, with pay, when they are ill or unable to work. Continental also provides immediate accident insurance upon employment for all of their employees. Continental does provide many benefits upon the initial employment of their employees; however, some benefit plans are not available until seven months after they have been employed. These include medical and dental insurance, vision insurance, long-term disability plan, and life insurance. Most of the plans are pre-tax, which allows employee tax savings. For every employee, there is a benefits program that best suits him or her. Younger employees who do not have the responsibility of families may not be looking for the same benefits as an older employee with a family. Continental needs to realize these differences in employees, in order to provide a benefit program that will attract the high quality employees they are looking for. Southwest Airlines is currently the fastest growing airline in the business. Over the past 10 years Southwest have grown its revenues by 388% and its net income by 1,490%. Some of the things that have helped Southwest to grow so quickly are their personnel. They have found ways to hire employees that have out-performed every major airline for the past three years. Their hiring tactics can be accredited to a healthy business network, in-depth research, a good job database, strong recruiting staff, and an outstanding benefits program. Southwest offers its employees a very competitive benefits program. Their program offers passes and travel privileges, medical insurance, dental insurance, life insurance, long term disability insurance, sick leave, vacation and holiday pay, profit-sharing, 401 (k) plan, stock purchase plan, and a employee assistance plan. One of the special benefits to working at Southwest is flying for free on Southwest and flying free or at a reduced rate on other carriers with whom Southwest has a pass agreement. Effective from the first day of employment, all employees, their spouses, dependant children, and parents of employees all have unlimited travel privileges on Southwest. An employee may view this as a huge benefit when they decide they would like to travel. On the downside of this part of the benefit program, Southwest does not fly everywhere in the United States, and that may pose a problem for an employee that would like to travel somewhere that Southwest does not offer service. Another benefit is Southwest†s medical, dental, and life insurance plans. Employees may choose to incorporate their families with their medical and dental plans in order to save the employee money. The medical and dental plans will cover 100% of the employee†s medical and dental needs, as well as their families needs, with minimal cost to the employee. For the life insurance plan, employees may choose coverage up to 4 times their base annual income in order to protect their family. The long-term disability program is set up in case an employee becomes disabled and can no longer work. Funds are still paid to the family in order to compensate for the employee†s inability to work due to disability. Depending on employment classifications, employees are able to gather time off for personal illness and vacations. Employees celebrate several paid holidays throughout the calendar year, based on their employment classification. Southwest offers its employees a 401-(k) plan. The plan is designed to help employee†s plan for their retirement. Eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of their pay to the plan on a pre-tax basis. Employees direct their investments and may borrow against their account balance. Employees are the basic fiber of Southwest Airlines, so they feel that employees should be able to share in the success of the company by investing in Southwest Airlines Co. tock through payroll reductions. Employees pay only 90% of the market value for the stock, and broker commissions are paid for by Southwest. Southwest cares very much for their employees well being. They offer their employees an assistance plan that helps when employees need it most. The plan provides professional assistance for employees and their families in order to solve personal problems that may arise that would cause their personal lives and job performance to suffer. Southwest Airlines realizes that without its employees the company would cease to work. Southwest offers these benefits to help keep their employees happy and provided for and in return their employees strive to keep Southwest on top. United Airlines is a true global airline that has over 140 stations in more than 30 countries around the world. United prides itself on being a company where opportunity and advancement are determined solely on merit and individual achievement. United supposedly values diversity not only because it is the correct thing to do, but because it is the right business thing to do. United†s stated position is that all employees should be treated with respect and dignity. The policy not only extends to employees, but to United†s customers, vendors, and independent contractors as well. Some of the benefits that United offers to its employees are; company-paid medical, dental, life and long-term disability insurance, pension plan, paid vacations, travel passes, stock purchase plan, 401(k) plan, and credit union. Going against the company†s policy, United Airlines has been in litigation with the city of San Francisco concerning the â€Å"Equal Benefits Law†. Last year United Airlines supposedly negotiated a two-year exemption from the law in order to renew a 25-year lease with the San Francisco Airport. After opposing letters from the National Writers Union (NWU) United Airlines has joined with Air Transportation Association (ATA) in a lawsuit against the city of San Francisco challenging the ordinance. United claimed they never made an agreement with San Francisco and has not yet made a commitment to providing domestic partner benefits. The ordinance states that any entity that contracts with the city of San Francisco must provide equal benefits to its employees† registered domestic partners that it provides to married spouses. Out of its 94,000 hired employees, United currently has approximately 10,000 lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender employees. We believe that United is not very committed to diversity. It is obvious to see that United is trying to limit their benefit packages to those individuals that are not registered domestic partners. Some states still do not recognize domestic partners as legal binding marriages, and as a result, these individuals cannot receive equal benefits. United†s problem is that almost 11% of its total workforce is comprised of lesbians, gays, bisexuals, or transgenders. If United is committed to having diverse employees they should also be diverse in their benefit coverage. United should recognize that they have a diverse background and these select individuals need to be given equal benefits regardless of the added costs. The text mentions that part of providing a sound benefit package is allowing employees to given input into the benefit system. Having employees participate in designing benefits programs would help ensure that management is moving in the direction of satisfying employee wants. To meet the many changes occurring in society, management must reflect these changes in the employee benefits programs. The fact is that benefit plans sometimes provide little advantage to employees. Even though United might be trying to save money, their treatment towards domestic partners are limiting the organization†s ability to attract and retain quality employees. Some of the most effective policies and strategies for dealing with benefit programs are encompassed within each of the four airlines benefit programs offered. There are several benefits that are required by law, which include Social Security, Unemployment, Workers Compensation, and Leaves without Pay. Overall, American Airlines seemed to offer the most versatile benefits program. Although other programs offered similar benefits, we found that American Airlines offered the most conservative program. For example, United Airlines, and Southwest Airlines both offer free flights to all employees as well as their families, which may be more appealing to a young employee without a family. On the downside, we discovered that Southwest Airlines has a limited flight area, which minimizes their costs when employees take advantage of these programs, and allows them to offer these strategic benefits. We feel that American and Continental Airlines are overlooking an important strategic hiring strategy, by not offering free flights to all their employees, since cost of flights are fixed. For example, a flight that is only at 85% capacity will fly for the same price as a flight that is at 100% capacity. Continental Airlines, has a competitive benefits program as well, but it lacks the flight area which both United and American Airlines offer. We felt that American and United Airlines offered the best benefit programs, although American does not offer free flights from day one of employment, they offer many other compelling incentives such as, personal emergency assistance, vacation buying programs, credit union assistance, as well as flight discounts for their employees.